Liberty and Political Liberalism - 893 Words

Liberty and Political Liberalism William D. Towah Liberty and Political Liberalism The Relationship between the Concepts of Liberty and Political Liberalism In his publication: â€Å"The Equality Trust†, Goddard, J. (2013) discussed that liberty as defined by many to mean the ability of an individual to carry out his/her will without any active obstruction or impediment from any persons is narrowed and, therefore, flawed. He proposed that liberty should rather be viewed as the â€Å"absence of relationship domination and dependence between persons – regardless of whether any actual interference takes place† (para. 1). According to him once this broader view is keenly considered, the comparability between liberty and equality becomes†¦show more content†¦Negative liberty is a freedom from restrictions that would not permit an individual from making desired choices. The action of the individual is control externally to the extent that it conflicts with is internal desires. For example, a professional footballer who still has 4years left on his contract with his club may harbor the desire to join other clubs. H e is said to have his liberty to make decisions but parent club could restrict his desires so he could complete his term of contract; this can be best termed as negative liberty (Liberalism: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy) The Debate around Political Liberalism Political liberalism which is seen by many theorists as a doctrinal exercise of the natural rights and freedom of the individual has created the platform where government’s total control of citizens’ behavior and will is minimized. It is now argued that, state interference in the life of the governed be limited to enable the individual exercises his rational intellect to his liberty and to acquire property and all others that may allow him to enjoy his freedom without any violation. As many countries have adopted liberalism, democratic governance with the adherence to the rule of law has taken preeminence over the conservative regimes. The liberal social order has now brought the debate as the conservatives continue to argue that, Political Liberalism has given birth to Liberal Feminism which aimed at gender equality. This fight for feminism hasShow MoreRelatedLiberalism, The Political Philosophy On Ideas Of Equality And Liberty1573 Words   |  7 PagesLiberalism Liberalism is the political philosophy on ideas of equality and liberty. Liberalisms focus is on the general ideas of fair elections by the people, civil rights, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, free trade, and private property. As with all things though, the way the idea of liberalism can viewed differ by each individual person and the trails they have gone through. Liberalism is no exception from this phenomenon and during the nineteenth Century there were many trails changingRead MoreThe Intellectual Tradition Of Political Economy1692 Words   |  7 PagesCourse Date Intellectual Traditions in Political Economy i) In what significant ways does modern liberalism break from classical liberalism s conceptualization of the market? In your answer, be sure to focus on the principles of classical and modern liberalism, as well as key 20th-century intellectual developments in each tradition. The definitional conceptualization of the five premises of political economy underscores the differences classical and modern liberalism. These premises include human natureRead MoreThe Classical Liberalism Theory1016 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The Classical liberalism theory mainly emphasis is sited on shielding the freedom of the individual by restricting the power of the government. Classical liberalism is a wide philosophy of politics, economics, and human society that upholds individual freedom and the acknowledgement of universal human dignity. The most important features of The classical liberalism theory is consist of the following beliefs: All human beings have intrinsic dignity and worth, all individuals have intrinsicRead MoreAn American Diplomat Richard Holbrooke1143 Words   |  5 Pagesalmost a century, democracy has meant liberal democracy in the West. Which was a political system marked not only by free and fair elections but by the rule of law as well, a separation of powers and the protections of basic freedom of speech, assembly, religion and of course property. A scientist by the name of Philippe Schmitter pointed out a good point; he said that Liberalism, either as a conception of political liberty, o r as a doctrine about economic policy, may have coincided with the rise ofRead MoreSocial Liberalism : Leonard Hobhouse And Social Liberalism937 Words   |  4 PagesLeonard Hobhouse was a sociologist and a British liberal political theorist and was one of the first thinkers of social liberalism. (liberalism, 2017). His famous works include the book â€Å"Liberalism (1911)†. Social Liberalism is that liberalism which ranks individual liberty most crucial and hence it requires social justice. It believes that individual liberty can only be achieved in its true sense if there is a proper economic and social stability. In order for building a favourable milieu L.T HobhouseRead MoreThe Theory Of Liberal Ideology1143 Words   |  5 Pages Political Science Midterm I will be speaking on important political terms, explain the development of liberal ideology in the United States of America, and touch on a few other areas of political culture. First off liberalism; liberalism is a way of political worldview by the ideas of liberty and equality. Although in a certain time in our history equality was somewhat of a lie. Slavery, racism, and feminism prove that not every single person on the planet had equal rights. In the 1650’s to 1780’sRead MoreRelationship Between Liberalism And Conservatism1317 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay will assess the relationship between liberalism and conservatism by exploring the differences in ideological beliefs of these two ideologies. Ideology can be defined as â€Å"set of interrelated and more or less coherent ideas† that constitutes of both â€Å"descriptive and normative element† on how a society works (Heywood, 2007, pp. 6-7). One of the most popular ideology in contemporary politi cs is liberalism which accord individual liberty and free market as its primary priority. On the otherRead MoreBrooke Johnson. Political Ideologies . Essay 1. 2/24/17.1583 Words   |  7 PagesBrooke Johnson Political Ideologies Essay 1 2/24/17 Differing Perspectives of Liberalism Liberalism is characterized by a commitment to individual rights, toleration, limited government, equal opportunity, and a commitment to free market. There are different forms of liberalism that one may identify with, such as classical liberalism, neo-liberalism, egalitarianism, and libertarianism. Each of these forms have different consequences or interpretations of some of the characteristicsRead MoreHow Liberism has Evolved During the 20th Century980 Words   |  4 Pagescentury, liberalism has been one of the sources of political progress in the West. Liberalism is a philosophy based on ideas of liberty and quality. Liberalism is hard to define due to the term being used to describe ideas, parties, movements and practices in different societies and different historical periods. The core values of liberalism are individualism, rationalism, freedom, justice and toleration . Liberalism is one of the most powerful ideologies shaping Western Politics. Early Liberalism showedRead MorePolitics is the Manner in Which Society is Organized1767 Words   |  7 Pagesthat is democracy and liberalism, will be discussed. These are not just political systems but they are also a set of rules and theories. Democracy is the branch of politics that has to do with the organisation of society through the collectively binding decision-making of the entire population. Liberalism on the other hand is a philosophy of politics that has to do with the freedom of control and interference from a governmental organisation. The values of equality in liberalism and democracy are two

Chemistry Study Guide Acids and Alkalis Free Essays

Interactive Science 2B Chapter Summary | | Chapter 10 ComMon Acids and Alkalis 10. 1 Acids and Alkalis 1. Acids taste sour. We will write a custom essay sample on Chemistry Study Guide Acids and Alkalis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many fruits contain acids. 2. The three mineral acids commonly found in the laboratory are hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid and nitric acid. 3. Alkalis taste bitter and feel soapy or slippery. 4. The common alkalis found in the laboratory are sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, calcium hydroxide solution and ammonia solution. 0. 2 Acid-Alkali Indicators 1. An acid-alkali indicator shows different colours in acids and alkalis. It can be used to test acids and alkalis. 2. Natural indicators can be made from some deeply coloured plants. 3. Acids turn blue litmus paper red whereas alkalis turn red litmus paper blue. Distilled water does not change the colour of litmus paper. It is a neutral substance. 4. The pH value shows the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance. 5. The pH value of a substance can be measured by using universal indicator, pH paper or a pH meter. 6. Low pH values mean high acidity (or low alkalinity). 7. High pH values mean high alkalinity (or low acidity). 8. Substances with pH values 7 :acidic; pH values = 7 :neutral; pH values 7:alkaline. 10. 3 Acids and Corrosion 1. Dilute acids react with some metals and produce hydrogen. 2. Test for hydrogen: Put a burning splint near the mouth of a test tube containing the gas. If the gas is hydrogen, it burns with a ‘pop’ sound. 3. The rate of reaction of some metals with dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulphuric acid: maznesium zinc iron copper (no reaction) . Carbonates react with acids and give carbon dioxide. 5. Marble and limestone mainly contain calcium carbonate. They are used as building materials and they can be corroded by acids. 10. 4 Safety Related to the Use of Acids and Alkalis 1. Strong acids / alkalis are corrosive. Weak acids / alkalis are generally less corrosive. 2. Dilute acids / alkalis contain a low percentage of acids / alkalis. Concentrated aci ds / alkalis contain a high percentage of acids / alkalis. 3. Concentrated strong acids and alkalis are highly corrosive. 4. Safety measure in handling strong acids and alkalis |Reason | |(a) Stick the hazard warning label ‘corrosive ‘ on the surface|To warn users about the corrosive property of the chemicals. | |of the container. | | |(b) Wear safety spectacles. |To prevent the acids and alkalis from getting into the eyes. | |(c) Put on protective gloves. |To prevent our skin from contact with the acids or alkalis. | |(d) Wear laboratory coat. |To prevent damage of clothing and body. |(e) Work in a fume cupboard. |To prevent vapours of the acids or alkalis from irritating our| | |eyes and respiratory system. | 5. To dilute a concentrated acid or alkali, always add it slowly to a large amount of water with stirring. Never pour water into a concentrated acid or alkali. 6. The first step in treating acid or alkali spillage on our body is to wash with plenty of water. 10. 5 Acid Rain 1. Clean or normal rain has a pH value of 5. 6. 2. Acid rain has a pH value lower than 5. 6. 3. Practice test:Â  answer key Acid rain is mainly caused by the acidic pollutant gases sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. 4. The main sources of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the air are motor vehicles, power stations and factories. 5. Acid rain may ? corrode structures made of metals, marble and limestone, ? kill fish and plants in lakes and rivers, and ? slow down plant growth and even kill plants. 6. The government, industries and citizens should work together to reduce the release of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which cause acid rain. 10. 6 Neutralisation 1. An alkali and an acid can neutralise each other. . Neutralisation occurs when an alkali is mixed with an acid until the resulting solution becomes neutral (pH = 7). 3. When an acid is neutralised with an alkali, a salt and water are formed. The word equation for neutralisation is: Alkali + Acid (Salt + Water 4. Antacids are weak alkalis used to neutralise excess acid in the stomach. 5. Weak acids, such as ethanoic acid in vinegar, can b e used to neutralise the alkaline stings of wasps. 6. Weak alkalis, such as baking soda (sodium hydrogencarbonate), can be used to neutralise the acidic stings or bites of bees, ants and mosquitoes. . Weak alkalis, such as slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) and powdered limestone, can be added to acidic soil to raise the pH for plant growth. 8. Acids in industrial wastes can be neutralised by adding alkalis such as sodium hydroxide, while alkalis can be neutralised by adding acids such as sulphuric acid. 10. 7 Daily Uses of Acids and Alkalis 1. Acids and alkalis can be used in cleaners to remove stains and grease. 2. Acids such as ethanoic acid can be used to preserve food. 3. Acids can be used to prevent the browning of fruits. ———————– [pic] [pic] How to cite Chemistry Study Guide Acids and Alkalis, Essay examples

Fernalee Chinese Restaurant and WHS Audit Report †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Fernalee Chinese Restaurant WHS Audit Report. Answer: Introduction Restaurant industry is a high growth industry in South Australia amongst all sectors in the hospitality industry[1]. Workplace related barometer reflects that cafes and restaurants are one of the most risky sectors to work for. There are multiple accidents, incidents as well as challenges that are faced from such workplace related practices in restaurants. Hence, it becomes integral to accommodate in health and safety related standards for protection of its employees and staffs. The scope of this report deals with health, hygiene and safety audit of Fernalee Chinese Restaurant based in South Australia. The restaurant is currently facing immense challenges in regards to accommodating for health and safety norms according to WHS procedure. The long duration operating hours of the restaurant has impended multiple injuries and accidents within its premises especially in the kitchen[2]. A detailed analysis of various issues faced by the restaurant is analyzed in this report with certain r ecommendations to overcome the same. Audit Outcome Restaurant businesses employ thousands of workers in Australia every year starting from chefs to staffs and many other. As there are multiple cases of injuries as well as accidents inflicted and caused within its premises it becomes pertinent to adopt suitable workplace related safety measures and diagnose any possible causes that can inflict harm or an injury on employees, staffs or customers[3]. For the purpose of analyzing suitable avenues for diagnosis an audit for each and every safety, health and hygiene factors are done at the Fernalee Chinese restaurant, which reveals multiple workplace related hazards prevailing. Outcome 1 Burns: As the scope of the analysis pertains to Chinese restaurant and there is usage of multiple ovens and fire in the same, injuries due to burn are quite common in nature. Many times food is touched by bare hands without the usage of utensils which inflicts more burns than normal[4]. In case of burns it needs to be investigated the degree of such burns such that possible scope of injury can be avoided. Outcome 2 Sprains or Strains: Sprains and strains are caused within the premises of the restaurant by falling on wet and slippery floor. Such injuries can also be caused while handling of food across the restaurant. Outcome 3 Open wounds or cuts: Cuts and open wounds are very common within the Chinese restaurant reparation as there are a large number of vegetables, meat and fish which needs to be cut[5]. Such injuries are caused especially when individuals without training handle cutting during pressure hours. In case of small cuts or wounds they are easily attainable but deep wounds and cuts needs to be properly catered for. Outcome 4 Other forms on injuries: Other forms of injuries can easily be caused that might be accidental in nature[6]. Such potential threats or injuries are typically unpredictable in nature and might impose serious consequences. Recommendations AS more and more workforce join the ever growing and fast expanding restaurant business, there needs to be WHS norms and guidelines that has to be accommodated. Irregular working hours, long duration of work, absence of training are some leading causes that increase rate of such incidents. Below are some mentioned recommendations that can enable the restaurant to overcome the potential injuries and accidents that are caused. Recommendation 1: Staffs and employees including chefs should be provided to wear proper clothing and footwear. Necessary housekeeping arrangements has to be present that allows for cleaning and prevention of injuries as well as accidents. Recommendation 2: Food products within the kitchens need to be handled with use of proper utensils. Handling of food products using proper utensils will allow prevention of burns, spill-offs and scope for other possible accidents Recommendation 3: Proper cleansing products as well as dishwashers need to be installed to prevent hand usage as much as possible for prevention of accidents. WHs also provides for using proper dishwashers for cleaning of utensils and other products. Recommendation 4: Training has to be imparted for handling of various equipment and materials around the kitchen such that efficient utilization can be made. Improper usage of equipment and machineries has been recognized to be a major factor that can cause injury and disrupt health and safety standards according to WHS, 2011. Recommendation 5: There has to be a fire emergency plan and documents around the restaurant that assesses necessary risks. Conducting various fire drills with exercise which will prevent accidents and possible impacts from accidents. All electrical appliances and instruments safety requirements have to be checked. Proper training for handling such electrical instruments has to be imparted to impact safety. The restaurant ensures health and safety standards to provide better working conditions. Incorporating in such standards will prevent accidents and injuries in the restaurant. Conclusion Individuals who are highest risks from accidents or injuries at the restaurant includes chefs, kitchen assistants, waiting staffs and other personnel employed. Unhealthy working conditions, carelessness, inappropriate trainings and other factors can lead to major injuries or risks of accidents at workplace that can have serious amounts of impact. WHS procedures revised in 2011 makes it compulsory that restaurants apply such WHS practices such that its employees can have good health. Government along with other bodies as well as restaurant workers union are working hand-in-hand to put an end to such practices that can have possible impacts or harms on individuals in restaurants. Restaurants need to apply and accommodate suitable work standards and train for preventing accidents within the premises. Refrences Australia, S. W. "Compendium of workers compensation statistics Australia 2008-09. ." Canberra: Safe Work Australia, 2011: 24. CG Davidson, M., McPhail, R., Barry, S. "Hospitality HRM: past, present and the future." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 2011: 498-516. Dollard, M., Bailey, T., McLinton, S., Richards, P., McTernan, W., Taylor, A., Bond, S. "The Australian Workplace Barometer: Report on psychosocial safety climate and worker health in Australia. ." Canberra, Australia: Safe Work Australia., 2012. Driscoll, T. R., Harrison, J. E., Bradley, C., Newson, R. S. "The role of design issues in work-related fatal injury in Australia." Journal of Safety Research, 2008: 209-214. Knight, A. J., Worosz, M. R., Todd, E. C. D. "Serving food safety: consumer perceptions of food safety at restaurants." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 2007: 476-484. Toh, S., Quinlan, M. " Safeguarding the global contingent workforce? Guestworkers in Australia." International Journal of Manpower, 2009: 453-471. Knight, A. J., Worosz, M. R., Todd, E. C. D. "Serving food safety: consumer perceptions of food safety at restaurants." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 2007: 476-484. Australia, S. W. "Compendium of workers compensation statistics Australia 2008-09. ." Canberra: Safe Work Australia, 2011: 24. Dollard, M., Bailey, T., McLinton, S., Richards, P., McTernan, W., Taylor, A., Bond, S. "The Australian Workplace Barometer: Report on psychosocial safety climate and worker health in Australia. ." Canberra, Australia: Safe Work Australia., 2012. Toh, S., Quinlan, M. " Safeguarding the global contingent workforce? Guestworkers in Australia." International Journal of Manpower, 2009: 453-471. CG Davidson, M., McPhail, R., Barry, S. "Hospitality HRM: past, present and the future." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 2011: 498-516. Driscoll, T. R., Harrison, J. E., Bradley, C., Newson, R. S. "The role of design issues in work-related fatal injury in Australia." Journal of Safety Research, 2008: 209-214.

Maggi noodles free essay sample

Case AnalysisSachin UdasRoll No: 07153The Maggi Brand in IndiaBrand Extension and RepositioningCase Background Nestle India Limited is the market leader in Indian Noodle Market with it’s MaggiBrand of Noodles which was pioneer brand launched in 1983 in the packaged foodmarket of India. It took the challenge and established Maggi in Indian marketconsidered to be conservative and typical about food consumption. It appropriaterealization of target segment, effective positioning and effective promotion and salesmade Maggi to Noodles in India as Xerox it to photocopier. NIL had introducedsauces, ketchups and soups under Maggi brand to reap benefit of brand popularity andimage and contribute to financial gains by 1990. Maggi also became successful insauces, ketchups and soups Market in India. Though NIL tried to extend to other ready to eat products like pickles, cooking aids and paste, It was unsuccessful sodumped those products. Maggi Brand of products sustained recession in 2000 and2001 in India by introducing economy packets. We will write a custom essay sample on Maggi noodles or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To fulfill novelty needs of customers and revitalize Maggi Noodles Brand NIL madedifferent attempts by introducing new formulation to new taste but customers resistedchange and Maggi had to reintroduce Maggi Noodles in same taste. Maggi Noodlehad till 2005 five product line on noodles with four variant in Maggi 2 Minutes Noodle. In 2006 in compliance with NIL target to be â€Å"health and Wellness Company†Maggi repositioned it as health and taste food products. NIL has also introduced withtaste and product line in Sauces and Soup Market under Maggi to catch new segment,revitalize brand, compete with other producers and fulfill expectation of customers. In 2005 Maggi brand worth was 3. 7 billion from 1. 7 billion market worth in 1. 7 billion in 2003. Maggi Noodle is Market leader with around 80% market share in Noodles/Pasta and Maggi Sauce is market leader with almost 37% of market share in2005 in 1. 8 billion market of India. Knorr has taken over Maggi in Soup marketrecently. In 2005 Maggi was the highest spender in the Promotion and Sales in the IndianMarket in the Noodles Category.

Executing Mentally Retarded essays

Executing Mentally Retarded essays Executing Mentally Retarded Individuals is Unconstitutional Every year there are multiple cases brought to court. Most individuals accused of crimes are competent to understand the charges brought upon them and if they are guilty of them or not. There are a few exceptions to this. Certain individuals that are brought to trial are considered incompetent to stand trial based on their mentally capacity. These individuals are considered to be mentally retarded. It is unconstitutional to sentence a mentally retarded individual. In coming to this conclusion one must understand what is considered mentally retarded, view examples of cases in which a mentally retarded person was sentenced to death, and look closely at supreme court cases dealing with the actual constitutionality of the punishment. There are many definitions that try to explain what mental retardation is. The American Association on Mental Retardation and the American Psychiatric Association define it as significantly sub average general intelligence that causes major difficulties in activities of daily living, and has manifested by age eighteen. (The ARC) The Americans With Disabilities Act of 1992 adds to this definition by stating that mentally retarded individuals are limited in two or more of the following areas of skill: caring for oneself, home-living, social skills, community use, and self-direction. (The ARC) Mentally retarded individuals typically generate a score of seventy or below on a standardized IQ test. A score less than seventy on an IQ represents the bottom 2 percent of the general population. A person with an IQ score at the bottom of the population often proves to have problems with learning, especially fundamental things such as reading, writing, and arithmetic. The ability for a mentally retarded individual to reason, plan, judge, and discriminate are diminished in comparison t...

Verb Conjugations for Maintenir (To Maintain) in French

Verb Conjugations for Maintenir (To Maintain) in French The French verb  maintenir  means to maintain. Because the English and French are very similar, this is a relatively easy one to remember. Yet, if you want to say maintained or maintaining in French, you will need to conjugate the verb. Since  maintenir is an irregular verb, this lesson is a little challenging. Conjugations of the French Verb  Maintenir   Maintenir is an  irregular -ir verb. This means that it does not follow one of the more common verb conjugation patterns. However, all French verbs that end in  -venir  and  -tenir  are conjugated the same way. It may be a good idea to study a few of these at one time to make learning each easier. In order to learn the most basic conjugates of  maintenir, study the table below. You will need to pair the subject pronoun with the present, future, or imperfect past tense to fit your sentence. For instance, I am maintaining is je maintiens while we will maintain is nous maintiendrons. Pay particular attention to the verb forms that add an I after the T as these can catch you by surprise. Subject Present Future Imperfect je maintiens maintiendrai maintenais tu maintiens maintiendras maintenais il maintient maintiendra maintenait nous maintenons maintiendrons maintenions vous maintenez maintiendrez mainteniez ils maintiennent maintiendront maintenaient The Present Participle of  Maintenir   The present participle of maintenir  is maintenant. This was formed by simply adding -ant  to the verb stem  mainten. When needed, it can also be used as an adjective, gerund, or noun as well as a verb. The Past Participle and Passà © Composà © The  passà © composà ©Ã‚  is a common way to express the past tense in French. Its a simple phrase to construct and makes use of the past participle  maintenu. You will also need the subject pronoun and the appropriate conjugate of the auxiliary verb  avoir. It all comes together rather easily: I maintained is jai maintenu and we maintained is nous avons maintenu. More Simple  Maintenir  Conjugations to Learn The conjugations above should be a priority in your French studies because you will use them most often. There may be times when you will need other simple conjugations. For instance, the subjunctive verb mood implies uncertainty while the conditional says that the action is dependent on something. In contrast, the passà © simple and the imperfect subjunctive are literary verb forms and found in formal writing. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je maintienne maintiendrais maintins maintinsse tu maintiennes maintiendrais maintins maintinsses il maintienne maintiendrait maintint maintnt nous maintenions maintiendrions maintnmes maintinssions vous mainteniez maintiendriez maintntes maintinssiez ils maintiennent maintiendraient maintinrent maintinssent To express  maintenir  in short and often direct sentences, you can use the imperative form. When doing so, theres no need to include the subject pronoun. Rather than nous maintenons, you can simplify it to maintenons. Imperative (tu) maintiens (nous) maintenons (vous) maintenez

Affection Of Different Identity Categories Essay

Affection Of Different Identity Categories - Essay Example The development of gender relies on the sex of an individual, and it exaggerates the difference between being either a girl or boy. It is influenced by societal beliefs and cultural practices. People are grouped to be either masculine or feminine in this category. Gender dictates what should be done and by who in the society. They are socialized to acquire traditions and values that that will make him or her to fit in the society. They grow holding the traditions of the community that surface later on in their adulthood. This socialization promotes gender disparity in the society. One grows entirely trying to meet the expectations the community has for them. The girl child is socialized to be like her mother. When young she gets associated with various responsibilities that make her learn the difference between her and boys. She starts imitating what her mother does like cooking, playing with dolls, and also cleaning. She grows knowing that women have the responsibility to prepare, t aking care of the kids, aged the sick, cleaning and mainly doing the domestic chores. One becomes an adult knowing that their place is at home and not in the public sphere. Gender determines the courses that we do in schools and also the jobs to do. Gender stereotypes male child. Boys are said to take part in courses such as mathematics and also medicine field while girls who viewed to be feminine are supposed to do social sciences. It further affects the level of employment for women since they cannot freely choose their career.  

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 15

English - Essay Example On the surface, Troy Maxson – as a symbol- is Wilson’s way of telling people that African American men are not irresponsible, absentee fathers they were portrayed to be because the figure was clearly depicted as someone who has an overwhelming sense of duty and responsibility to his family. Troy, for example, confessed to Rose the guilt he feels over taking Gabe’s money just so he could renovate his home. He said: â€Å"Man go over there and fight the war†¦ and they give him a lousy three thousand dollars. And I have to swoop on that.† (28) But as the play narrated the life of Troy Maxson, there emerged a deeper and darker truth to what he represented. In Troy’s struggles, the plight of the Black community in America during the period became evident. The chronicle of Maxson life - his psychology and, certainly, his physical emancipation from poverty, paternal neglect and abuse, from physical incarceration, his suppressed dreams of major-league baseball, from workplace frustrations and alienation within his home to complete spiritual and mental freedom – they demonstrated the collective experiences of the African Americans as they deal with the economic and social challenges of the period. Early on, a description has been aptly given: â€Å"Together with his blackness, his largeness informs his sensibilities and the choices he has made in life.† (1) As with most Blacks in the period, Troy was poor and this drove him to commit crime. Then, his dreams were dashed, first, by racism and, then a string of unfair employment practices. All his life had been a struggle. In Troy, there was the expected victimization by and resentment of the forces of social and economic oppression that were experienced by Blacks in modern America. Rightly so, his reaction to his plight demonstrated much of the disappointment, frustration, resentment and anger of African Americans. This reaction was aptly

Tragedy in Comedy Essay Example for Free

Tragedy in Comedy Essay Tragedy in Comedy is only a bad dream. This statement ironically captures the fable created by Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream. While in the play, the night spent by the three couples and the performers in the woods outside Athens is felt by them to be a wild dream, for the audience viewing this comedy, the tragic elements at the beginning of the play seem less like the reality in Shakespeare’s make-believe world. This world has gods and lovers, half-man half-donkey, and goblins spreading love potions. The play captures many elements from the English mythological tradition, and uses them with poise and reserve. As one of the most popular adaptations for film and theatre in modern times, the play survives its intricate plot, typical characterization and reserved prose. The play begins in the house of Egeus with Hermia fighting against the wish of her father to marry the man chosen by him. In response, he invokes the ancient Athenian law that states that a daughter must marry according to the wishes of her father, or else face death. But Egeus gives Hermia another choice, to observe a lifelong chastity in the worship of the goddess Diana as a nun. Hermia decides to elope with her lover, Lysander and they both flight to marry in the house of Hermia’s aunt. They then escape to the forest outside Athens. Hermia has told of this to no one but her friend Helena, who, out of jealousy at being rejected by Demetrious, decides to tell him this in order to gain his favor. The humor here lies in the bitchy love affairs that make Helena betray her friend’s secret. In paintings and other art depicting the scene of confiding, the two are shown in close consultation, secretive and bonding. Thus, the scene is essential in the way that it builds up to the confusion, with Helena trailing Demetrius in his quest to trace Hermia and her lover. It also breaks away from the image, where sacrifice is easily rejected for personal happiness. Such a hedonistic impulse can only mean that the scene is set for the fight or pleasure, in which each person will vie for the lover’s hand. This fight takes a ridiculous proportion, when Oberon, king of the fairies brings forth the hobgoblin, Puck, to lace the sleeping Titania with love potion. Helena is shown from the start to be in pursuit of personal gain. This takes comic proportions when the spellbound Dymetrius and Lysander, a result of an incompetent Puck’s mistaking of Lysander for Demetrius, fall madly in love with her. She feels that this sudden reversal must mean that the two are mocking her. So she can no longer indulge in self centered pursuit, for the objects that she sought now seek her in maddening courtship. Herein lays Helena’s comedy. But it is finally Puck who saves the day, by removing the spell from Lysander, who consequently goes back to his affectionate relationship with Hermia. The band of six â€Å"rude mechanicals†, or stage actors who are to perform at the wedding of Theseus and Hippolyta, find their way into the forest where the â€Å"love in idleness† has caused chaos. It is Puck’s mischief again, in transforming Nick Bottom, an actor, into a man with the head of a donkey. His singing then awakens Titania, who has also been cast with the love potion. This is done on Oberon’s command, for he wishes to procure her changeling as a henchman. This is perhaps the part, when Titania falling madly in love with Bottom, showers Bottom with all that is deserving of a nobleman, a part that is most loved by the audiences of this play. It reaches a tragicomic poise that is eloquent and base all at once (Khoury, 2006). Oberon later orders Puck to remove the curse from Titania, who in turn frees Bottom from the donkey’s head. Oberon commands that Lysander should be freed of the magical hold, but it should remain on Demetrius. The serialization is complete. Theseus and Hippolyta arrive on their morning hunt and find the lovers asleep. Upon waking them, a grand ceremony is held by Oberon. Egeus agrees to Hermia’s union with Lysander, and a group wedding takes place. The lovers believe that the night’s event must have been a dream, and watching a performance by the six workmen, though not particularly pleasing; the lovers find a sense of pleasure and contentment. Oberon and the fairies enter after some time to bless them with good fortune. References Shakespeares Sources for A Midsummer Nights Dream. Shakespeare-online. com. Retrieved on 2009-11-01. The Tempest available at http://shakespeare. mit. edu/tempest/full. html Retrieved on 2009-11-01. The Tempest http://www. enotes. com/a-tempest/ Retrieved on 2009-11-01. The tempest revisited in Martinique: Aime Cesaires Shakespeare. (Critical essay) Khoury, J. (2006) The tempest revisited in Martinique: Aime Cesaires Shakespeare. (Critical essay) Journal for Early Modern Cultural Studies | September 22, 2006 | http://www. accessmylibrary. com/article-1G1-154756422/tempest-revisited-martinique-aime. html Retrieved on 2009-11-01. http://cscanada. net/index. php/css/article/viewFile/559/pdf_398 Retrieved on 2009-11-01.

An Analysis of Marks and Spencer Essay -- BTEC Business Marketing GCSE

An Analysis of Marks and Spencer INTRODUCTION TO THE FIRM AND ITS INDUSTRY Marks and Spencer is one of the largest retailers in the United Kingdom, and is also known as a major retailer selling diverse product ranges under their own exclusive brand in more than thirty countries. Customer confidence in the Marks and Spencer brand remains second to none. According to recent research undertaken by the Company, it shows that, in clothing, Mark and Spencer has a clear lead over all its major competitors in the key areas of fit, quality, trust, breadth of range and customer service. In November of 2000, Marks and Spencer will launch a trial of three new lingerie-only outlets in Paris, Hamburg and Dusseldorf. According to industry statistics, Marks & Spencer remains the clear leader in the UK lingerie market, with over thirty percent of the market share. These pilot stores, distinctly branded 'msl', are designed to showcase the product range, taking the very best of Marks & Spencer lingerie to the Continent. Moreover, twenty-five percent of the 'msl' range has been designed exclusively for the continental market (Marks & Spencer PG). According to David Norgrove, Marks & Spencer Executive Director, the new stores developed by Marks and Spencer "clearly show how we can give customers what they want in the way they want it. Today we have both depth of product and a variety of retail formats, so that we can encompass factory outlet stores and designer clothing under the Marks & Spencer brand. Our new concept stores carry a wide range of products and services tailor-made for its local customers but, at the same time, we are also launching the European pilot of a specialist retail format which builds on our core strength in lingerie. All of these products and formats are being in response to customer research, to meet a proven need" (Marks & Spencer PG). THE COMPETITIVE STRUCTURE OF THE INDUSTRY The British retailer Marks & Spence decided to close its one Edmonton store, along with fourteen others across Canada, with the eight remaining stores being closed just one month later. This marked the ending of Marks and Spencer's 26-year run in Canada. The chain announced its Canadian pullout, which will affect only sixteen staff, was a surprise for Canadian shoppers. Heritage Mall manager Kirby Nishikawa said "the shutdown hurts the shopping cen... ...rnational expansion plans and probably sell U.S. clothing chain Brooks Brothers. EXPAND E-COMMERCE Sell online through partnerships with Microsoft Network, the BBC's beeb.com, and digital-television providers such as Telewest (Capel 35). A Marks & Spencer spokesman confirmed that its non-executive directors changed their minds over who should lead the company last autumn because of the huge changes within the business. Over the next five years the company is expanding its selling space by nearly a fifth in Britain and by forty percent in overseas markets (Rankine PG). By the year 2005, Marks & Spencer should once again be on the top of their category. Works Cited: Author not Available. "Outlook: M&S investors don their hair shirts." Independent, (1999), 21. Capell, Kerry. "Britain: lighting a fire under Marks & Spencer." Business Week International, (2000): 35. Le Riche, Timothy. "Closure date set of M&S leaves voide at Heritage Mall." Edmonton Sun, (1999): July, 44. Marks and Spencer. "Marks & Spencers Launches Two New Formats." (2000), October: PG. Rankine, Kate. "M&S asks outsiders to review strategy." The Daily Telegraph, (1998), PG.

Managerial Essay

Problems Chapter 4 Problem 4-26 Moravia Company processes and packages cream cheese. The following data have been compiled for the month of April. Conversion activity occurs uniformly throughout the production process. 1) Analysis of physical flow of units. 2) Calculation of equivalent units. 3) Computation of unit costs. 4) Analysis of total costs. 5) Build a Spreadsheet: Construct an Excel spreadsheet to solve all of the preceding requirements. Show how the solution will change if the following data change: the April 1 work in process costs were $27,000 for direct material and $5,000 for conversion. 1.| |   Physical Units| | Work in process, April 1| 10,000| | Units started during April| 100,000| | Total units to account for| 110,000| | Units completed and transferred out during April| 80,000| | Work in process, April 30| 30,000| | Total units accounted for| 110,000| 2.| | | | | | | | Physical Units| Percentage of Completion with Respect to Conversion| Equivalent Units| | | | | Direct Material| Conversion| | Work in process, April 1| 10,000  | 20%| | | | Units started during April| 100,000  | | | | | Total units to account for| 110,000  | | | | | Units completed and transferred out during April| 80,000  | 100%| 80,000| 80,000   | | Work in process, April 30|  30,000  | 33.33%|  30,000|  9,900   | | Total units accounted for| 110,000  | | | | | Total equivalent units| | | 110,000| 89,900   | 3.| | | | | | | Direct Material| Conversion|   Total| | Work in process, April 1| $22,000| $ 4,500| $26,500  | | Costs incurred during April|  198,000|  158,400|  356,400  | | Total costs to account for| $220,000| $162,900| $382,900  | | Equivalent units| 110,000| 89,900| | | Costs per equivalent unit| $2.00| $1.81| $3.81  | 4.| Cost of goods completed and transferred out during April:| | | | | | | (Units Transferred) *(Total Cost per equiv. unit) =| 80,000ï€  Ã¯â€š ´Ã¯â‚¬  $3.81| $304,961| | | | | Cost remaining in April 30 work-in-process inventory:| | | | | | | Direct material:| | | | | | | | (# of equivalent units of Direct Material ) * ( Cost per Equivalent Unit of Direct Material) =| 30,000ï€  Ã¯â€š ´Ã¯â‚¬  $2.00| $60,000| | | | | | Conversion:| | | | | | | | (# of equivalent units of conversion) * (Cost per equivalent unit of conversion) =| 9,900ï€  Ã¯â€š ´Ã¯â‚¬  $1.81|   17,939| | | | | | Total cost of April 30 work in process| $77,919| | | | | | Check: Cost of goods completed and transferred out| $304,961| | Cost of April 30 work-in-process inventory|  17,939| | Total costs accounted for| $382,900| | | | | 5Build a Spreadsheet: Construct an Excel spreadsheet to solve all of the preceding requirements. Show how the solution will change if the following data change: the April 1 work in process costs were $27,000 for direct material and $5,000 for conversion.|

How I Utilised My Summer Vacations

Vacations are the best time to relax and enjoy and I eagerly wait for my summer vacations every year. Every year my school closes in the middle of the month of May and reopens by the end of June. Annual exams get over and the results are declared. This time I got promoted to class nine from class eight. After the hard labor for the examinations, I wanted some rest and also some refreshment. Hence I put aside my books for a few weeks. Next day morning I went out to play with my friends. It was a very hot and sunny day so we decided to play indoor games. In the evening I asked my father and mother to take me to any of the hill stations because I wanted to beat the heat. My father told me that we cannot go to a hill station because all the hotels and resorts are booked beforehand only. It was too hot, the sun was scorching and the wind was deliberating. Fortunately my uncle had invited my family to Haridwar where he had reached two weeks earlier. Me and my parents reached Haridwar. My uncle, my aunty and my cousins were all very excited to see all of us. They welcomed us with a warm heart. At Haridwar I went to the bank of River Ganga in the morning and it was very pleasant to see hundreds of men and women bathing in the stream of Ganga and then offering prayers in the different temples of its â€Å"Ghats†. I requested my uncle to take us to the hilly spots in the vicinity. He was kind enough to take all of us there. The hill sights of Laxmi jhoola, Swargashram and many other spots fascinated me. I saw a large number of trees bearing beautiful fruits and flowers. The peeping of Sun’s rays in the morning and evening was really very charming. The waterfall at some distances shone like flowing silver in the moonlight. The cool breeze was always felt. No heat or dust of the plain was felt here. I was very much pleased. We remained there for two whole weeks. From there my father and my uncle planned to go on a pilgrimage. We left for Mathura and Vrindavan. There we had darshan of Dwarkadhish, Rangji, Behariji, and of many other temples. We then went to Girirajji. We also went to Karoli and Mahaveerji, a place of Jain pilgrimage. The scenery and views of all these places was beautiful and breathtaking. Of all the vacations in my life, this was my best summer vacation ever, mainly because my cousins were also there. We had collected memories for a lifetime. I told my parents that we will plan similar holidays for every summer vacation, in the coming years. He firmly nodded to what I said. The vacation was over and I was back to school but my mind was still remembering the sweet memories of the summer vacation. I will await the next summer holidays and would love to go on this type of vacation again and again.

Signficance of Good Service Backup In Technical Industry

Signficance of Good Service Backup In Technical Industry Free Online Research Papers Signficance of Good Service Backup In Technical Industry 1.Povzetek slovenskega besedila v angleÃ… ¡?ini + naslov Business success depends on elasticity, preparedness to respond to changes in environment, readiness to learn etc. But all these things are not enough if a company doesnt have a good service backup. Industrial companies are not flexible enough, rely on technological aspect and they often forget about consumers contentment with the product which leads to unsuccess. Successful companies offer good service backup – before and after sale – which is important for making a good bussiness, for consumers readiness to buy the product and for consumers contentment after buying it. Backup service after sale demands long-term activities such as qualifying workmen and researching consumers responses. Most expanded and also important service backup is qualifying consumer to use the product wich leads to good marketing. Other important service backups are also guarantee, security, overcoming language obstacles etc. Service backup is exceedingly important for proper and safety use of the product, and it can also remind the consumer of advantages of the product, such as uniqueness and quality control. 2.Povzetek besedila v enem stavku Though many industrial companies forget about consumers contentment, the most important thing (beside development etc.) is service backup which leads to good business and consumers satisfaction. 3.Prevod ozna?enega besedila While industrial companies try to assure competitive position, they rely upon technological aspect of the product and overlook their service component. They are not aware that service component means effective strategic tool with which they can gain, in most cases even without greater expences, decisive competitive position and they can overcome their competitors. Research Papers on Signficance of Good Service Backup In Technical IndustryMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductOpen Architechture a white paperNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfThe Project Managment Office SystemAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementTwilight of the UAWPETSTEL analysis of IndiaAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New Employees

An Information Technology System For a School Essay Example for Free

An Information Technology System For a School Essay To aid in investigation of the problem, two interviews were carried out. One was with the school principal, and the other with the school administrator. In preparation of the interviews a list of topics for discussion was drawn up, and included these checkpoints: * What the new system hopes to achieve, exactly. * The problems in the current system. * The methods currently employed to input data into the system. * The information that is required per file, i.e., for each student what fields will have to be input. * The format of the required output. * The volume of data expected, e.g., how many students are expected to enroll, or how many new teachers will be required. * Any hardware or software constraints, such as the new system only being able to run with a particular operating system. This interview was with the school’s principal, Mrs. Monica Stakich. It took place in her office, on appointment, and was as follows: Q: Mrs. Stakich, your school has built up quite a reputation of excellence over the years as shown by its grades. How do you intend to maintain this? A: Well, the school has always prided itself on its academic achievements, and this is due to our students being dedicated in their studies, which shows itself in the superior grades. We will be fine if we can continue this trend. Q: You are shifting to new custom-built premises and are also expanding your range of activities offered. Why have you made this decision? A: We are changing our status to an authorized ‘A’ level Center. As such, we will need the appropriate facilities to meet the requirements for this standard. Also, the school expects a significant increase in enrolments at both ‘O’ and ‘A’ Levels, so the space is needed to provide for these new students. Q: How many students do you currently have in your institution? And how many do you expect to enroll in the future? A: The school currently caters to a population of around 2500 students, but we expect an influx of around 1000 students next year. Q: How do you access a file of a student or a teacher? Do you find it yourself on your computer or does the secretary do it for you? A: I can access files of both students and customers from my own PC, as well as any other file, such as stationery, electricity bills, etc. But I must also focus more on the task of running the school itself, so I usually let my secretary handle all the files. She herself gets these files from the school system administrator. I only check a file myself if we need to consider carefully the person, or file in question, for example a teacher for an important position. Q: Thank you very much for your time, Mrs. Stakich. The interview, on analysis, showed the school to be result-driven, as indicated by the Headmistress’s comments. But more importantly, it also showed that she did not focus on the file input and retrieval system in particular herself, and on the school’s information system in general. The actual file control and handling was carried out by the system administrator, who could provide us with insight of the current system’s workings. An interview was arranged with Mr. Mark Glasse, the system administrator, in his office. Q: How long have you been working here, Mr. Glasse? A: Its been around four years since I started wok for the school. Q: How many times has the system been updated since you started work? Q: What changes had been made during these updates? A: Well, once we had to increase our disk space to around 10 GB to cope with increased student information on Health Cards, as was required by a new Government law. Another time we had to modify our input procedure, it being too manual, with almost unnecessary paperwork involved, so we had to purchase new input devices. And there was also the time when we had to call in a professional security company to install anti-hacking programs when our database was actually hacked into. Q: What input devices do you work with? How is output shown? A: I use a keyboard, a mouse, a web-camera and a scanner as input devices. Output is displayed on a monitor, or on a plotter as is appropriate. And, of course, I often have to print out some files using a laser printer. A: I use a Pentium 2, 333 MHz Processor, with 32 MB RAM, 4 GB hard disk with Windows 98 as my operating system. I also have other software such as MS Visual Studio and MS Office 2000 installed on my computer. Q: Mr. Glasse, what is the general procedure that you follow if you were asked to, for example, update a file? A: First of all, I would have to get an approved notice from someone in an authoritative position, for example the Headmistress, or the Head Administrator. This note would be attached to a Modification Form showing details of the file that needs to be updated. The authorization slip has to be filed into a drawer in my desk, and I just have to access the file using the code given on the Form and change the required fields. I have the Menu on my Desktop, Mrs. Stakich and I are the only ones who know the Password so I’ve never thought about changing it, once in the records I go to the Search Command to call up the file in question, and make the changes required. On exiting the database, I go have to fill out another form, a Proof Form, as it is known as, to acknowledge my action. This form then returns to the top-level to the individual who initially authorized it. Q: How often do errors occur using this procedure? A: As you can see, the system is designed in such a way that carrying out the procedure makes it prone to errors. We’re still lucky to have a few students and teachers, basically small files is what I mean to say, which do not have to be updated too often, so they aren’t too many mistakes. Even if there are, they can easily be located and corrected due to the small size of our database. Q: OK, now what about the plus points of this system? For example, is it easy to use? Is it efficient? Do you feel that you yourself are performing at an optimum level with this system? A: Ill have to think this question over. Yes, for sure it is easy to use. I just have to type in an identifier code for each record, and the particular record is searched for and displayed. Its that simple. I don’t think its efficient though. As the number of files increases the system takes longer and longer to search the database to produce the results I was looking for. It only follows that I myself feel I am under-performing at my job, as some time will definitely be wasted in waiting for results. Q: Are you satisfied with the system performing only these functions? A: Yes, I am. I would like it to be faster though, and even up-to-date, technologically speaking. Q: Thank you, Mr. Glasse, for your cooperation. You’ve been a great help. This interview was more enlightening than the one with Mrs. Stakich, for we were able to focus on the technical side of the school’s database system. Certain glaring shortcomings of the current system came to light, such as a very limited database size, as indicated by the system being upgraded the first time. This further tells us that the system itself, with all its components, is out-of-date. In such a state, it may also be incompatible with other systems, should it be desired to connect to these for data exchange purposes. Another significant weakness is the fact that the third upgrade was for security reasons, which means that the Password Protection was initially low. Mr. Glasse also said that it takes longer to search for a required field if there are many records – this is only fair, but there aren’t too many records right now, so we can expect the system to have some sort of linear search function in operation, unsuitable for large databases. The program, although performing just a few main functions, is slow, again pointing to its near obsoleteness. Its low productivity has an effect on the human element involved, as Mr. Glasse himself feels as if he has not fully achieved his full potential. Lack of motivation could cause further falls in productivity. The system also has standard input devices (mouse and keyboard), as well as standard output devices (printer, scanner and plotter), needed to process data and produce the desired results. The system also runs on a fairly fast processor, as given by the computer’s configuration. However it is unlikely that the system uses any of the other software packages (apart from the Wi ndows 98 operating system) so these, as powerful as they are, aren’t being utilized. Based on the knowledge gained in these interviews, it is possible to finalize the main shortcomings of the system currently in use: The disk space used for storage of data is relatively small as it needed to be upgraded beforehand. With all the new enrolments expected, as well as other related increases, such as electricity and water, teachers’ salaries, etc the available disk space will not be sufficient. Security forms an important part of any system, and the fact that the database was hacked into shows just how weak security really is. The password used seems to be outdated and it is likely that people other than those authorized know it. Laxed security is especially important here as we are dealing with the personal records of students and teachers, not to mention important transactions such as total fees received, expenses, and so on. So security, despite being of paramount importance, isn’t given the priority it should be. The normal procedure to accomplish a single task is lengthy and time-consuming. It also involves unnecessary paperwork. This would exhibit itself as delays in processing, as a single instruction would have to be passed through many stages before being received by the sender once again as feedback. As seen from the interview, Mr. Glasse uses a relatively fast processor. Despite this speed, we still find that the speed of running the system is slow especially when new records are added. This means that the components of the system itself are slow and outdated. This weakness especially comes into focus when we consider the fact that nowadays systems are rarely independent. One system has to be connected to at least one more system, with data exchange taking place between these. However, if their speeds are not compatible they will not be able to function at their optimum level. If the system were to exchange information over the Internet then this incompatibility could become a problem. 1) To provide quick access to the files in the database. Many files will now be in the system and it is necessary that they be reached quickly. 2) To maintain a higher level of security. This ensures that the database is viewed and controlled only by those who have the proper authority to do so. 3) To minimize ‘red tape’ involved in making changes to the records. The previous system involved a lot of paperwork and proved to be costly in terms of time (therefore money), so this new system aims to reduce that by quickly and efficiently processing an instruction. 4) To be user-friendly. Step-by-step guidance ensures that the user can easily find his way around the database to perform the desired task. A Flowchart of how data would be passed along the new system is as follows: Standard input devices, such as a mouse, a keyboard, a scanner and a web-camera will be needed for this system to operate (the mouse and keyboard are the main ones, the others for inputting photos and such graphics). Output devices will be plotters and printers. Hardware: The CPU requirement for this system include at least 100 MHz Pentium processor and 16 MB RAM. Software: It is necessary to have an operating system such as Windows 98 as well as MS Visual Basic program installed, as this is the front-end program to be used for this system, with Access 7.0 being the back-end program. The user will be Mr. Glasse, and his computer already exceeds the requirements for this system to function efficiently. His IT skills will also be relevant: since he already has MS Office 97 installed he will already know the basics behind Access 7.0 and should find no problem in entering the data. It must be remembered that the system to be developed is intended to replace the outdated system in current use. The current system is slow, inefficient and incompatible. Its replacement will be better than it in all these respects, and should bring the database up to the level of technology today. An Information Technology System For a School. (2017, Jul 30). We have essays on the following topics that may be of interest to you

Ethics Report + Sustainability Report Assignment

Ethics Report + Sustainability Report - Assignment Example In addition, there are no clear and explicit policies regarding RFID usage. This raises ethical concerns about people’s privacy. In this regard, by implementing the RFID system, the following ethical concerns should be considered by the company. Stakeholders The four main stakeholders in the case are the operations manager, employees of the organization, customers or clients, IS policy makers. The operations manager will be affected in case ethical issues arise as he is in charge of the implementation of the RFID system. He will have to make the decision, based on the analysis, whether the system should be implemented or not. Employees will be affected as their movement will be restricted because they will be monitored by the system. Clients or customers will be affected as their information will be collected without their knowledge. Lastly, IS policy makers will have to develop policies that strike a balance between ethical dilemma. Analysis Based on PAPA Framework The four p rinciples of Mansion, Property, Access, Privacy, and Accuracy overlap with the use of RIFD. Property involves the owner of information and how it should be distributed or sold to other entities. Unlike traditional times where information in hard forms and their hard nature made them easy to own, the advancement in technology has made information to be in soft form, which has brought a lot of challenges regarding ownership. Organizations use the RFID and collect a lot of information of employees without their knowledge and use the information for their own benefits. In this regard, some organizations sell the information they gather from employees or even customers to third party organizations (Balkovich, Bikson & Bitko 2005). For example, it is likely that many retail traders sell customers personal information regarding their behavior of buying. This will make third party organizations to practice targeted and direct marketing. The information gathered by RFID will enable the organ izations to know the frequency of shopping of a customer, the store he or she shops, the products she likes, and many other attributes that encourage direct and targeted marketing (Huber, Houck & Vinogradov n.d.). Collecting and using customers’ personal information is unethical. The information is considered her property and she should be informed when it is collected and how it is used. According to Mason framework (1986), Access involves the kind of information that can be collected from a person and how it can be used and accessed. Organizations use RFID to collect personal information from clients. While employees can be told the kind of information collected by RIFD systems, they are not always allowed to access, inspect, and correct such information. This is unethical as it is the right of employees and clients to access their personal information collected by RFID, inspect, and correct them. However, it is normally not practical to allow employees or clients to access systems and correct such information even if the information collected about them is wrong. Privacy involves protection from private intrusion. Employees and clients have the right to privacy where they can do their things at will in a manner they like without interference from third party. Organizations use RFID tags to monitor and observe the movement of employees in the building or work

Essay Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Essay - Assignment Example Wendell Berry offers an insight into the importance of practicing some sort of agriculture to produce food. After critical evaluation of the existing trend in which people are increasing choosing food over the counter, he learns something. The contemporary society is characterized emphasis on service industry especially in urban center. In that respect, people tend to ignore the important fact of researching on the nutritional threshold of the food consumed (Wendell 146). The increasing campaign for industrialization has kept many people away from practicing simple gardening at the backyard to obtain pure and fresh food. Instead, eating has remained the only interest with absolute ignorance on the diet and suitability of such food. Besides, Berry recognize the immediate challenge of poor feeding habits and the transferred costs through medical attention over nutritional health related problems. The pleasure of eating according to Berry Wendell can only be derived from consuming fresh and nutritious food which one knows its source. This constitutes direct involvement in farming however small scale it may be and cooking the food before eating it. On contrary, most people have shifted the responsibility to food processing industries who serve their profit interest at the expense of consumer welfare. People have failed to understand that the groceries and food stores are health hazards filled with mere appearance of beauty. Such food production technology to feed the mass includes biotechnology which has already raised ethical concerns. The chemical content of the genetically modified food outweigh the bodily nutritional requirements. Individual consumers are partly to blame for this increasing technology due to overreliance on the food stores instead of embracing even small scale vegetable gardening at the backyard. Besides, people tend to give little attention to the significance of cooked food and hide behind limited time to consume

My dream computer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

My dream computer - Research Paper Example Thinking of a dream computer is a delightful experience. I have been at computers since long and have worked on several types of computers ranging from old Pentium-III computers to present day state of the art computers. One thing common to all these experiences is the wish for an even faster computer. But now it is not only a wish and dream it is a genuine requirement to do several different tasks that cannot be accomplished without this machine or at least may have consumed time that cannot be afford. Therefore, now it is extremely important to work out the details of a computer that can meet day to day requirement of various task discussed ahead. Being a student I have to complete college assignments that may require word processing, presentation, picture editing, drawing, worksheet and equations writing facilities along with simple website development software. Beside this for writing technical reports I use some CASE tools. Math assignments are required to be written in some spe cialized software. Entertainment support is inevitable and special sound and graphic equipment are needed to fulfill the requirements of latest games and videos. Internet support software and hardware also form part of the requirements for a dream computer. Software Requirement Beside Microsoft Office 2007 I prefer to use MathType software which a very convenient way to prepare math assignments. MathType can insert complex equations and provide a wide range of mathematical symbols. It is easy to use and provide excellent edit environment. These math equations cannot be written in Microsoft Office because they are not specialized software for math equations. Adobe Creative Suite 5.5 Web Premium is an excellent student adobe suite which available from adobe at special 80% discount. This is an ultimate solution for all web site and photo editing requirements. The software is a bit complex and requires special training and tutorials to be followed for extend uses and some meaningful con tribution. This software require extra bit of processing power and system resources but it pays off and provide a good value for the money. CloneDVD is my favorite DVD player. It is excellent software which can play nearly all types of media files. It also provides the recording facilities and can run in the background. The software is not resource hungry and can be used while other heavy applications are still running at the computer. The online help and support can help in understanding the software, while routine updates can also be downloaded when available. Software Operating System System Requirements Price Math Type Microsoft Windows 7, Windows Vista, or Windows XP 12 MB free hard disk space. MathType is not RAM-intensive so listing its requirements is not necessary $78.02 Adobe Creative Suite 5.5 Web Premium Microsoft ® Windows ® XP with Service Pack 3; Windows Vista ® Home Premium, Business, Ultimate, or Enterprise with Service Pack 1 (Service Pack 2 recommended); or Windows 7 Intel ® Pentium ® 4 or AMD Athlon ® 64 processor 1GB of RAM or more. Recommended 1280x800 display with qualified hardware-accelerated OpenGL graphics card, 16-bit color, and 256MB of VRAM $449 CloneDVD Microsoft Windows 98/98SE/ME, Windows NT/2000/2003, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7 Intel CPU with 350 MHz and MMX, or AMD CPU with 450 MHz or higher 64MB RAM or more $69 Computers Researched I have researched three major brands in the market. All of these laptops can fulfill the hardware requirements and support the software discussed in Part-II of this report. The price difference is based on the features and may also be change slightly if some extra features or capabilities are appended to the hardware details provided in the excel sheet. I have finalized the emachine laptop which can fulfills all requirements and will meet the advance requirements for one year. The machine offers some good upgrade options and can be considered for an upgrade later on. The pric e of the computer is neither too high nor too low and falls under

How Outsourcing is affected by the Current Economic Recession

How Outsourcing is affected by the Current Economic Recession An investigation into Companies Usage of Outsourcing and a Critical Analysis of How Outsourcing is affected by the Current Economic Recession, Specifically in relation to Northern Ireland. Aims and Objectives The Aim of this research is to determine whether or not the current economic recession has affected companies decisions to outsource. It is important to decipher whether or not companies have increased their usage of outsourcing as a direct result of the recession or whether the increase or decrease in outsourcing is due to other factors. The Aim of this research shall be applied in relation to Northern Ireland companies and build a general consensus that Northern Ireland based companies during this time of economic pressure are increasing their outsourcing. Based on this there shall be three objectives of the research. These shall be; To determine companies have increased their outsourcing during the unstable economic climate. To determine that this increase is due to the unstable economic climate; and To determine the relation of outsourcing and the unstable economic climate to Northern Ireland Companies. Importance of the Research In todays volatile and largely unstable economic climate, it is important to note that the recession as it is referred to affects not just large corporations such as banks and multinationals, but ordinary people living in an everyday environment. The state of the economy affects the modest corner shop consumer right to the small to medium sized business entrepreneur. The word recession has become a word synonymous in everyday language. It is due to this that it can be seen to be important that research is carried out to determine exactly how this has impacted the behavioural patterns of people, businesses and theories. This research is important, and more so relevant, to today than ever before with many companies being forced to cut costs and overheads, and inevitably, manpower, as they try to stem the tide of financial loss. The term Outsourcing is subcontracting a service to a third party and the decision to employ this concept is based upon the companies hopes to achieving a higher margin of profit by lowering their running costs. Lankford et al 1999 defines it as the procurement of products or services from sources that are external to the organisation It is believed today that firms should aggressively adopt the practice and the practice is almost becoming a given, and consultants presentations talk of a revolution in outsourcing. The academic literature on the subject has grown in kind. (Lonsdale and Cox, 2000) Outsourcing for businesses has been an integral part of a well oiled operating system for many years. It came to the fore in the 1980s and has since been used in business lexicon, and it is today in the midst of the economic downturn that it has been a vanguard of companies value systems. Few management practices have attracted as much attention as outsourcing is enjoying at the present time (Lonsdale Cox, 2000) The idea of a subcontracting deal to make the most of time and money in the depths of economic downturn would seem like a perfect opportunity to cut the cost of overheads and use resources efficiently. Faith (2009, p.36) agrees, stating As the recession persists, managements are enforcing stricter budgets. All departments are reviewing their processes to find ways to reduce costs and save money. Outsourcing is an area where companies can limit expenditure Research into the recession and its effect on outsourcing has never been more important than it is today, and while companies cannot predict when the recession is going to end, and with the increasing uncertain future and the possibility of more volatility, research into this area of business practice is vital. In a historical sense, the United Kingdom has experienced the onslaught of a recession before. The last recession struck in the 1980s, and this is where companies found the advantages of using outsourcing during a period of economic downturn (Charsley, 1986) Within Northern Ireland, research into the recession linked with outsourcing within Northern Irish companies has been under researched and indeed very little work has been published. So while periods of boom and bust continue throughout the decades in the worlds economy, research into aspects of the need of cost cutting exercises through outsourcing remain essential. There have been many research papers in the area of outsourcing and the implementation of such a business rationale, as there has been in the area of recession, however the development of one in relation to the other has only been lightly touched on, and this is one of the main reasons for the importance of research into this common area, and hopefully add to academic debate. Critical Literature Review A review of literature published suggests that the recession has caused many firms to reshape and refocus their energies into cost cutting exercises, and one of these comes in the form of outsourcing. The literature suggests that there are pros and cons of such an exercise, and that there may be a negative impact of such an implementation. This research is set to highlight the benefits of outsourcing as a key business tool, especially in a period of economic downturn and that it has increased during recent times in this period of economic instability. Past recessions have changed the way businesses operate and the ability to outsource entire departments have compounded this change. Industrial organisations in the late 1980s and early 1990s experienced a turbulent environment brought about by an increase in internationalisation and a downturn in the economy (Tucci et al, 1997) As a result of cost-cutting efforts during this period, many companies are opting to go the outsourcing route to cover either routine and/or non-core work. (Charsley, 1987) This proposal by Charsley would back up the research to determine that the increase in outsourcing is due to the unstable economic climate. The disintegration, outsourcing and off-shoring of manufacturing and other non-core functions have been seen as irresistible trends (Shi and Gregory, 2003, 2005; Sturgeon, 2002; Arnold, 2000) Outsourcing and the recession appear to come hand in hand when a business is restructuring to save costs. The advantages of such a restructuring and outsourcing during a recession have been highlighted in Joanna Faiths article in Outsourcing becomes luxury in recession where she states that the advantage of outsourcing rather than hiring internal resources is that if the state of the company declines, there is no need to make redundancies This helps stave the negative consequences of firing staff and leaving the workforce unsettled, while saving the companys reputation within the market. Mukesh Butani from BMR Advisors in India believes that If you outsource you can just terminate or alter the contract in seasons of peak and downturn however Graham Beck of PA Consulting stated that many firms who were involved in multi-sourcing were unaware of the risks. These include the integration of all the suppliers after the multi-sourcing, despite admitting that multi-sourcing would drive down costs. (Financial Management, 2009, p.7) PA Consultings outsourcing survey found that with the result of the recession firms are re-evaluating their outsourcing contracts or in effect outsource more elements of their firm. Research has also found that Human Resource chiefs have lost control over making outsourcing decisions, as finance directors and chief executives look to rein in costs during the recession (Logan 2009) In January 2009, a study by outsourcing firm Ceridian found that 20% of two hundred and fifty senior Human Resource professionals had the ultimate say in outsourcing recruitment, payroll and benefits for their organisation. Thirty one percent (31%) of the decision making went to the CEOs. Steve Joyce of Ceridian (2009) stated that The credit crunch has left no business function untouched, and it is clear in some organisations now that HR directors are not masters of their own strategy. Barker (2009) believes that In a recession, sometimes it is not possible to take a long-term perspective, especially where firms are really facing an emergency, and it becomes a matter of survival to cut costs wherever they can Charsley, 1987, states the opportunities brought about by outsourcing are several Charsley saw these as, firstly, management could balance the work force with the load, since contracted employees and can be brought on board or dismissed This could be done without the headaches generally involved in changing permanent staff levels. He also identified that management can focus on core work and more easily determine actual cost to the organization provided by non-core support units. In his book, Management Consultancy-A Cost Effective Resource Charsley states The ability to determine costs and allocate them across different parts of the organisation also allow management to consider new structural forms that might enhance the firms overall competitive position However in an interview of 1,000 firms all around the world about their experiences with outsourcing, also by the PA Consulting Group, the results show that the most common outcome was a fairly neutral one. As a result of the cost-benefit analysis comparing contract labour to company personnel, many managers were and are becoming more willing to opt for the contractor through outsourcing contracts because of the total cost of continuing the relationship with the company employee To summarise, there has been very little research conducted to verify whether or not within Northern Ireland the recession has had a direct impact on the decision of companies to outsource more of their business. By conducting further research into this field the purpose of this investigation is to shed more light on the topic as it is of high significance in this turbulent economic climate. Many authors agree that outsourcing is an integral part of the business acumen. The shaping and refocus of business objectives because of the recession has led to this. However there a handful of experts who believe that outsourcing has led to the relationship between the company and employee being stretched. Proposed Methodology The study being undertaken can be described as an exploratory research study. The research aims to find and explain the relationships between the outsourcing and the recession amongst companies in Northern Ireland. The research aims to assess the phenomena of companies outsourcing to cut their overheads and to maximise profit in the time of high economic uncertainty, and to find out what is happening; to seek new insights; to ask questions and to assess phenomena in a new light (Robson, 2002 taken from Saunders, 2007) This research project is set to explore data and develop theories from which will directly relate to previous literature. This is an inductive approach. The use of primary sources for the purpose of this research is decided on the fact that the researcher can focus on specific issues and have a higher level of control over how the information is collected and used. The research can be implemented on a strict timescale. A survey strategy shall be implemented in-order to meet the aims and objectives of the research. Survey strategies are popular in business and management research and are frequently used to answer questions raised by previous research. The benefits of a survey strategy are that they allow a large amount of data to be collected from a large population in an economical way. Survey data is also seen as straightforward to comprehend and illustrate. To conduct this survey, questionnaires shall be drawn up and sent to companies based around Northern Ireland. In social research, questionnaires are one of the most widely used in data collection. For the questionnaires a sample shall be selected from the wider population. The population in this case is all the registered companies in Northern Ireland. Because it is not feasible to send questionnaires to all the companies in Northern Ireland, for the purpose of the research, an appropriate sampling frame shall be drawn up. This is a complete list of all the cases from which the sample shall be made from. The sampling base shall be unbiased, current and accurate. Upon collaborating a suitable sampling frame the next stage of the process will be to decide how many (the sample size) and the method by which the companies shall be chosen. Large sample sizes can be sought without the burden of major costs, and produces quantifiable data. In this instance, systematic sampling shall be used. The reason behind this is it works well with either a small or large number of cases. It is also suitable for geographically dispersed cases. Actual lists are not always needed either. The relative costs are low and is relatively easy to explain. The next stage of the research having identified the method by which the data shall be collected, the sample and the sampling technique is to decide upon the technique of data collection. For this research it is proposed to collect the data via postal questionnaire. This is decided upon the characteristics of the respondents and the size of the sample. Having designed the questionnaire the next step is piloting. The purpose of piloting the questionnaire is to refine it so that the respondents have no ambiguity as so how to answer the questions and the questionnaire exhibits face validity thus ensures accurate feedback of results. In addition to this it shall provide some form of validity to the questionnaire and the results. Reliability of the results is the main aim here. Initially to pilot the questionnaire, a group of experts in the field of which the questionnaire is to given to, should be asked to complete it. Allowing suggestions to improve the questionnaire would further enhance the content of the questionnaire. Upon completion of the pilot, the necessary adjustments can be made. The pilot should also ensure that the structure of the questions is correct and there is an established flow allowing an easier understanding of what is being asked. For the purpose of this research it would be suggested that ten pilot questionnaire s be distributed amongst a field of experts to ensure that any trace of ambiguity or misinterpretation be eliminated before the actual questionnaires are distributed. The responses of the questionnaire will provide an idea of reliability and sustainability. It is good research practice to follow through with a pilot of the questionnaire. The final stage is administering the questionnaire. Attempts must be made to maximise the response rate. In order to do this, factors such as appearance, type of delivery and incentives, should be considered. In order to achieve the aims and objectives of this research, the key data collection method employed shall be interviews. For the purpose of the research the key figures to be interviewed shall be managers from the Human Resource (HR) departments. Reasons for this are that evidence from prior research suggests that it is this department who are in charge of outsourcing despite Logan, (2007) suggesting that many companies are taking this responsibility away from the HR departments. To conduct the interview for the purpose of the research a semi-structured interview shall be implemented as opposed to a fully structured one. The drawbacks of the fully structured interviews in research like this are the fact that the answers that may be given could be irrelevant, providing little or no use to the research, the questions are normally closed and thus does not allow freedom to operate outside the constraints of the questions and removes the interviewers ability to back track and highlight certain topic areas. As questionnaires shall be produced and sent out to various companies, the need for a structured interview is further outweighed as fully structured interviews are broadly similar to structured questionnaires. To complete the semi structured interview the main areas of the research to be covered shall be worked out in advance so the overall focus of the interview can be guided by the researcher. The advantage of using the interview situation is that the response rate can tent to be higher than perhaps if requesting information in a non face to face environment. The ability to judge the seriousness of the answers can be helpful in interpretation as well as noting body language. The planned sequence of questions may change during the semi structured questionnaire. This is a huge advantage, as a number of topic areas may covered simultaneously and the interviewee may revert back to a question to be covered in more detail. The naturalism of conversation can take effect and allow the interviewee peace of mind. Before the interview takes place, the interviewee shall be asked whether or not it is possible to ask for the interview to be recorded for further evaluation. This would be an advantage as the flow of the interview shall not be disturbed. In-order to gain access to the HR department within the companies, adequate time shall be allowed to let the organisations allow feedback, and the proceeding follow up contact. A clear account of purpose shall be given to the company. This should clear all concerns regarding credibility. The gatekeeper is the sole source through which contact should be made to gain access to the interviewee. This is done to ensure feasibility of the actual interview. The analysis of the semi structured interviews shall take the form of transcribing the conversations and from that withdrawing key themes and concepts which may help with the implantation of the research objectives. This is known as grounded theory approach, a widely used method for generating a theory from research. The data derived from this research method shall be qualitative data, and shall emerge from the data collected rather than being imposed. Having completed the transcriptions of the interviews, and the keys themes of note are recognised, the information must then be transformed into a form of quantifiable data which allows easier understanding. This involves coding. The data is split into segments which are relevant and meaningful to the overall research and the aims and objectives. The purpose of this is to highlight any trends which may appear from the qualitative data and add weight to what the research is investigating in a statistical manner. As more data is analysed the codes may change. The program used to carry out statistical analysis is SPSS. Time Scale The research shall commence on January 11th 2010 and will be collated over the course of the following fourteen weeks. It shall conclude on April 16th 2010. Here is a detailed plan of the timescale of each proposed stage of research. While conducting the research it will be important to note that there will be time allowed for contingencies should there be any unforeseen circumstances occur. Due to Undertake Activity Activity Week 1-3 Background reading Week 3 Construction of Questionnaire Week 4 Pilot questionnaire/Select Sample Size Week 5 Feedback from pilot questionnaire and modify accordingly Week 6 Perform final questionnaire, allow three weeks for postal surveys to return and begin interviews Week 9 Collect data from Postal Questionnaires. Begin interview Transcriptions. Week 10 Begin coding of questionnaire results Week 12 Results and Discussion Conclusion and recommendations Week 14 Final Draft prepared and Submitted

Colonization In America :: US History Colony American

Before Europeans had ever set foot on North America the continent was a vast land made up of various Native American nations that had their own distinct cultures, history and social hierarchies. The Natives here possessed all of the aspects that human beings all over the world incorporated into their societies. They had social structures, trade routes and relationships between various Native groups and were by no means a cluster of heathens waiting to be discovered by white Europeans who would come to claim the land they have lived on for thousands of years. Upon their arrival on the continent that was often tagged as The New World the three prevalent European countries that established colonies in North America England, France and Spain each took fundamentally different approaches to establishing their colonies and forming relationships with the native inhabitants. There were many various reasons for why each European country chose to participate in the colonization and their affair s with Indians in the ways they had. The country itself and the goals it had set for establishing settlements in the New World along with the location of the settlement and the Indians that they would be confronting as a result of their settlement are all interesting aspects that play vital roles in why each colonial society differed from one another in the 16th and 17th centuries. The Spanish in the New World landed their ships and set up Catholic monasteries in Florida as well as the area now known as New Mexico. The Spanish who have had a long history of coexisting in Spain with the Mores brought some of their conventional diplomacy with them when they attempted to establish permanent settlements in the New World. Although a large portion of Spain's reasoning behind occupying land in the New World was the conversion of Native Americans as well as gaining gold, wealth and power just like the Conquistadors had done in the past from conquering the Aztecs. Spain brought a sort of diplomacy with them when they tried to coexist their culture and peoples with that of the native inhabitants of Florida. This approach was probably just as much done out of necessity than modern European kindness, because the Spanish settlers who founded the string of settlement towns in Florida were vastly outnumbered by their Indian counterparts.

Diagnostic Assessment and Formative Assessment Essay

Assessment for learning In classrooms where assessment for learning is practiced, students are encouraged to be more active in their learning and associated assessment. The ultimate purpose of assessment for learning is to create self-regulated learners who can leave school able and con? dent to continue learning throughout their lives. Teachers need to know at the outset of a unit of study where their students are in terms of their learning and then continually check on how they are progressing through strengthening the feedback they get from their learners. Students are guided on  what they are expected to learn and what quality work looks like. The teacher will work with the student to understand and identify any gaps or misconceptions (initial/diagnostic assessment). As the unit progresses, the teacher and student work together to assess the student’s knowledge, what she or he needs to learn to improve and extend this knowledge, and how the student can best get to that point (formative assessment). Assessment for learning occurs at all stages of the learning process. Assessment for learning Comprises two phases—initial or diagnostic assessment and formative assessment  Diagnostic Assessment- This set of diagnostic assessment materials for literacy, language and numeracy (Entry 1 to Level 2) was a national development in 2002. Included are materials for assessing learners on the pre-entry curriculum framework (Milestones 4-8) and materials for assessing the need for support for dyslexia. Diagnostic assessment helps to identify speci? c learning strengths and needs, and usually follows an initial assessment at the beginning of a learning programmer, where there is an indication of the need for further, more detailed assessment. It is related to speci? c skills needed for tasks. The diagnostic information can be included in the learner’s ILP. It is recommended that diagnostic assessment is conducted by specialist teachers of literacy, language or numeracy. Formative assessment -including diagnostic testing is a range of formal and informal assessment procedures conducted by teachers during the learning process in order to modify teaching and learning activities to improve student attainment. It typically involves qualitative feedback (rather than scores) for both student and  teacher that focus on the details of content and performance. ] It is commonly contrasted with summative assessment, which seeks to monitor educational outcomes, often for purposes of external accountability. Assessment can be based on a variety of information sources (e. g. , portfolios, works in progress, teacher observation, and conversation) Verbal or written feedback to the student is primarily descriptive and emphasizes strengths, identi? es challenges, and points to next steps As teachers check on understanding they adjust their instruction to keep students on track. No grades or scores are given – record-keeping is primarily anecdotal and descriptive Occurs throughout the learning process, from the outset of the course of study to the time of summative assessment -Assessment that is accompanied by a number or letter grade (summative) -Compares one student’s achievement with standards -Results can be communicated to the student and parents -Occurs at the end of the learning unit Evaluation Judgment made on the basis of a student’s performance Test An assessment intended to measure the respondents’ knowledge or other abilities Assessment.

Outsourced

The film profiles the lives of four young Indian women who work in outsourcing jobs at a company called Genpact. l They see their work as an exciting opportunity and an important source of income for their families. They take their Jobs seriously and believe their oles are an important step towards financial security and professional advancement. By way of contrast, the film also canvasses the experiences of four Australian call-centre workers who do not consider their Jobs as careers.They are young, itinerant workers who, despite earning up to five times the wage of their Indian counterparts, do not regard their Jobs as being long- About this study guide > Key themes discussed in this study guide are: globalization, economics, business, gender, trade, society and culture. The study guide includes questions and activities to be explored before and after watching the film. e questions can be incorporated into classroom discussion or students can provide individual written responses.Th e activities in the study guide include a mixture of individual investigation, class discussion, and small group work. Specific questions and activities for students of media studies are included under a separate heading. Curriculum Links In OUTSOURCED! , filmmakers safina Uberoi and Anna Cater examine Business Process Outsourcing (BPO), focusing on an Indian company that wins contracts to take over many ‘back office' functions of companies located in developed countries.With many Western white-collar Jobs being ost to the BPO industry, the subject is a controversial topic in the world's economies. Choosing to shoot the majority of the documentary in India, they concentrated particularly on the perspective of women because it is female employment in the Indian BPO industry that is creating tremendous social change for its participants. Both Uberoi and Cater have prior